Pronóstico del osteosarcoma pediátrico: factores de riesgo y análisis de supervivencia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14182140Palabras clave:
Diagnóstico, Factores de Riesgo, Osteosarcoma, Pediatría, SobrevidaResumen
El estudio revisó la literatura sobre factores de riesgo y pronóstico del osteosarcoma pediátrico, centrándose en la influencia de estos factores en el análisis de supervivencia. Se utilizó una metodología de revisión integradora y se siguieron las directrices PRISMA. Los factores de riesgo citados con mayor frecuencia incluyeron la presencia de metástasis en el momento del diagnóstico, una respuesta inadecuada a la quimioterapia, una edad avanzada en el momento del diagnóstico y características tumorales agresivas como márgenes permeables y necrosis tumoral significativa. El análisis demostró que estos factores se asocian a una peor supervivencia global y libre de eventos, lo que repercute negativamente en el pronóstico. También se descubrió que la cardiotoxicidad, especialmente en pacientes tratados con doxorrubicina, es un factor de riesgo emergente que requiere una estrecha vigilancia. La conclusión del estudio subraya la importancia de la identificación precoz y el seguimiento de los factores de riesgo para mejorar el tratamiento y los resultados clínicos en pacientes pediátricos. La investigación sugiere que en futuros estudios se investiguen enfoques terapéuticos y diagnósticos que reduzcan los riesgos y mejoren las tasas de supervivencia de estos pacientes.
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