SAÚDE MENTAL PERINATAL: ABORDAGEM CLÍNICA, FATORES DE RISCO E ESTRATÉGIAS DE CUIDADO HUMANIZADO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71248/d0rk5h94Keywords:
Depressão Pós-Parto, Fatores de Risco, Humanização da Assistência, Programas de Rastreamento, Saúde MaternaAbstract
Os transtornos mentais perinatais são frequentes, subdiagnosticados e repercutem sobre a mulher, o bebê e a família. Este estudo teve como objetivo mapear as evidências recentes sobre fatores de risco, abordagem clínica e estratégias de cuidado humanizado em saúde mental perinatal. Trata-se de revisão de escopo conduzida segundo o método do Joanna Briggs Institute e o checklist PRISMA-ScR, com busca em outubro de 2026 na PubMed/MEDLINE e na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (LILACS e BDENF), abrangendo publicações de 2025 a 2026 em português, inglês e espanhol. Dos 854 registros identificados, 26 estudos primários foram incluídos, originários de 16 países, com predomínio de delineamentos transversais. Os achados foram organizados em três eixos: fatores de risco e proteção, com destaque para história psiquiátrica prévia, violência por parceiro íntimo, conflito conjugal, baixo apoio social, vulnerabilidade econômica e intercorrências obstétricas e neonatais; abordagem clínica, envolvendo rastreamento com instrumentos padronizados, modelos preditivos, resistência ao tratamento e telepsicoterapia; e cuidado humanizado, no qual o desrespeito no parto associou-se à depressão pós-parto e o cuidado centrado na pessoa mostrou efeito protetor. Conclui-se que o cuidado perinatal deve integrar rastreamento contínuo, avaliação psicossocial e práticas respeitosas.
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